RTP Vs. RTCP

This article demonstrates on the difference between RTP and RTCP.

• RTP is abbreviation for Real-time Transport Protocol and operates at layer 4 (Transport Layer)
• When two devices try to establish an audio sessions, RTP starts operating and choose an odd random number from 16384 to 32767 range.
• RTCP is abbreviation for Real-time Transport Control Protocol
• When the two devices established a call, RTCP starts operating and creates a separate session over udp by using the odd number from the above range.
• If the RTP session uses 16388, then the RTCP will use the following number of the even RTP port number, means will use 16389.

Primary Function of RTP:

• Adds Sequence number to the header information: allows the called party to put the packets back in order.
• Adds time stamp to the header information:allows the called party to use a buffer. How and Why? to remove the jitter - delay variations - between the packet, and thus give a smooth audio playout.

Primary Function of RTCP is statistics reporting, it gives the participants of the call statistics such aspacket count, packet delay, packet loss, jitter. Note thatthe cisco CME router can log and report this statistics, so it will help you to determine the issues that causes call problems.

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